Periodontal diseases are infections of the gums that gradually destroy the support structures of your natural teeth. Various types of periodontal diseases require different treatment approaches. Dental plaque is the main cause of gum disease, particularly in those who are genetically predisposed. Daily brushing and flossing are crucial for preventing most periodontal issues.
Why is oral hygiene so important?
Adults over 35 often lose more teeth to gum disease than cavities, with three out of four adults affected at some point in their lives. The best way to prevent both cavities and periodontal disease is through daily brushing and flossing.
Both periodontal disease and tooth decay are caused by bacterial plaque—a colorless, sticky film that forms on your teeth at the gum line. Regular brushing and flossing remove this plaque and help prevent gum disease.
Factors can accelerate periodontal disease, but it primarily results from plaque. If not removed through diligent oral hygiene, plaque hardens into tartar (calculus), which can exacerbate gum issues.
Other important factors affecting the health of your gums include:
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Stress
- Clenching and grinding teeth
- Medication
- Poor nutrition
Periodontal Disease
Bacteria in plaque produce toxins that irritate the gums, causing redness, swelling, and bleeding. If this irritation continues, the gums may pull away from the teeth, creating pockets or spaces. As periodontal disease progresses, it damages the supporting gum tissue and bone, which can eventually lead to tooth loss if untreated.
Preventing Gum Disease
The best way to prevent gum disease is through effective daily brushing and flossing, along with regular professional exams and cleanings. Despite meticulous home care, periodontal disease can still develop. Once it begins, professional treatment is essential to halt its progression.
